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European Birch

Betula pendula

Also known as: Silver Birch, Warty Birch

Technical Spec Sheet

2026-07-14

European Birch wood grain

Reference grain swatch

Janka Hardness
830 lbf (3,692 N)
Avg. Dried Weight
650 kg/m³ (41 lb/ft³)
Specific Gravity
0.61
Type
Temperate hardwood
Grain
Straight or slightly wavy
Texture
Fine and even
Durability
Non-durable, susceptible to decay and insect attack
Region
Europe, Asia
Sustainability
Sustainable — Sustainable, widely distributed and fast-growing

Overview

European Birch is a pale, fine-grained hardwood extensively used in plywood production across Europe and Scandinavia. Its clean appearance and workability make it popular for furniture and interior applications. The wood is favored for its uniform texture and ability to take stains and finishes well.

The heartwood is pale cream to light brown with minimal distinction from sapwood. It has a fine, even texture with straight or slightly wavy grain. Dried weight averages 650 kg/m³ with a Janka hardness of 830 lbf. The wood is moderately heavy and works cleanly with minimal tearout.

Workshop Notes

Blunting Effect

Low to moderate

Gluing

Excellent gluing properties

Finishing

Takes stains and finishes well, can be dyed to imitate other woods

Steam Bending

Good steam bending when thin

Scent

Mild, unobjectionable when worked

Assessment

Strengths

  • Clean pale appearance
  • Easy to work
  • Good for plywood
  • Accepts stain well

Weaknesses

  • Low durability
  • Can be bland without figure
  • Requires treatment for outdoor use

Common Uses

Plywood · Furniture · Turnery · Pulp · Skis · Veneer